{"id":58070,"date":"2025-09-17T20:30:03","date_gmt":"2025-09-17T19:30:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/equalitynow.org\/?p=58070"},"modified":"2025-09-18T10:05:27","modified_gmt":"2025-09-18T09:05:27","slug":"bolivia-approves-bill-to-prohibit-child-marriage-without-exceptions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/equalitynow.org\/es\/news\/news-and-insights-es\/bolivia-approves-bill-to-prohibit-child-marriage-without-exceptions\/","title":{"rendered":"Bolivia aprueba el proyecto de ley que proh\u00edbe el matrimonio infantil sin excepciones"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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17th septiembre 2025<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

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Bolivia aprueba el proyecto de ley que proh\u00edbe el matrimonio infantil sin excepciones<\/h1>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n \n \n
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8 min read<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n \n \n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n

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<\/p>\n

Leer en espa\u00f1ol<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

Bolivia se ha convertido en el pa\u00eds m\u00e1s reciente de Am\u00e9rica Latina y el Caribe en aprobar una ley que fija en 18 a\u00f1os la edad m\u00ednima para contraer matrimonio, sin excepciones. El 17 de septiembre de 2025, la C\u00e1mara de Diputados aprob\u00f3 el proyecto de ley No. 092-24<\/a>,
que modifica la Ley No. 603 del C\u00f3digo de las Familias y del Proceso Familiar y elimina las excepciones que permit\u00edan el matrimonio a partir de los 16 a\u00f1os. Solo resta la promulgaci\u00f3n presidencial para que la prohibici\u00f3n civil sea definitiva. <\/p>\n

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Se trata de un avance hist\u00f3rico que proh\u00edbe una pr\u00e1ctica nociva que ha afectado a miles de ni\u00f1as y adolescentes en el pa\u00eds y representa un paso clave para garantizar que puedan vivir libres de violencia y desarrollar plenamente su proyecto de vida.<\/p>\n

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Una pr\u00e1ctica invisibilizada y normalizada<\/h2>\n

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El matrimonio infantil y las uniones tempranas contin\u00faan siendo una realidad en Bolivia y tienen consecuencias devastadoras para la vida y los derechos de ni\u00f1as y adolescentes. Estas pr\u00e1cticas perpet\u00faan la pobreza y exponen a las ni\u00f1as a riesgos graves como violencia sexual, dom\u00e9stica e incluso feminicidio<\/a>, embarazos tempranos y abandono escolar, con un impacto particularmente fuerte en comunidades rurales e ind\u00edgenas. Est\u00e1n arraigadas en normas culturales y de g\u00e9nero patriarcales que imponen roles a las mujeres desde edades tempranas y restringen su autonom\u00eda. <\/p>\n

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Entre 2010 y 2022, m\u00e1s de 11.000 adolescentes entre 13 y 17 a\u00f1os contrajeron matrimonio en Bolivia, de acuerdo con datos del Servicio de Registro C\u00edvico. Solo entre 2014 y 2023 se registraron 5.169 matrimonios de menores de edad de los cuales 4.804 corresponden a adolescentes mujeres de 16 y 17 a\u00f1os (92.93%), en muchos casos con parejas que les duplicaban o triplicaban la edad. Seg\u00fan la Defensor\u00eda del Pueblo, en 2020 y 2021, el 65% de las adolescentes que contrajeron matrimonio resid\u00edan en zonas rurales. <\/p>\n

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Las obligaciones internacionales de Bolivia para poner fin al matrimonio infantil<\/h2>\n

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El matrimonio infantil constituye una grave violaci\u00f3n de derechos humanos, reconocida por tratados como la Convenci\u00f3n de Bel\u00e9m do Par\u00e1, que exige a los Estados parte, como Bolivia, prevenir y erradicar toda forma de violencia y discriminaci\u00f3n contra las mujeres y ni\u00f1as.<\/p>\n

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Otros marcos internacionales clave, como las recomendaciones del Comit\u00e9 de los Derechos del Ni\u00f1o<\/a> (CRC) y del Comit\u00e9 para la Eliminaci\u00f3n de la Discriminaci\u00f3n contra la Mujer<\/a> (CEDAW), establecen que el matrimonio antes de los 18 a\u00f1os, incluso con consentimiento parental, vulnera derechos fundamentales como la educaci\u00f3n, la salud y el desarrollo.<\/p>\n

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Con esta reforma, Bolivia avanza en el cumplimiento de sus obligaciones internacionales y refuerza la protecci\u00f3n de los derechos de ni\u00f1as y adolescentes frente al matrimonio infantil.<\/p>\n

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Una victoria tras a\u00f1os de incidencia<\/h2>\n

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La aprobaci\u00f3n de esta reforma es el resultado de a\u00f1os de incidencia persistente de organizaciones de la sociedad civil, defensoras de derechos de las mujeres y aliadas internacionales. En 2025, Equality Now apoy\u00f3 a las organizaciones locales en Bolivia que impulsaron esta iniciativa, la Comunidad de Derechos Humanos e Ipas Bolivia<\/a>, quienes trabajaron de cerca con la senadora Virginia Velasco, autora del proyecto, para brindar apoyo legal y t\u00e9cnico durante todo el proceso legislativo. <\/p>\n

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Como parte de estos esfuerzos, Equality Now public\u00f3 el policy brief Eliminaci\u00f3n de los matrimonios y uniones infantiles, tempranas y forzadas en Bolivia<\/a> que analiza el marco normativo vigente, documenta los impactos nocivos del matrimonio infantil y formula recomendaciones concretas para alinear la legislaci\u00f3n boliviana con los est\u00e1ndares internacionales y regionales de derechos humanos. Este insumo fue utilizado como herramienta de incidencia para fortalecer el debate parlamentario. <\/p>\n

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En abril de 2025, el Senado aprob\u00f3 el proyecto<\/a>, seguido en agosto por la Comisi\u00f3n de Derechos Humanos de la C\u00e1mara de Diputados. A pesar de la resistencia basada en estereotipos de g\u00e9nero da\u00f1inos, que sosten\u00edan que ni\u00f1as de apenas 13 o 14 a\u00f1os ya estaban \u201clistas para ser esposas\u201d, las defensoras de derechos de las mujeres persistieron en impulsar el cambio. <\/p>\n

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M\u00f3nica Bay\u00e1, asesora legal de Equality Now y secretaria t\u00e9cnica de Comunidad de Derechos Humanos, explica:<\/p>\n

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\u201cAprobar la ley que proh\u00edbe el matrimonio infantil es una victoria hist\u00f3rica para los derechos de las ni\u00f1as y adolescentes en Bolivia. Elimina las disposiciones legales que han permitido por a\u00f1os que miles de ni\u00f1as se casen y marca un nuevo compromiso para protegerlas de la violencia y de pr\u00e1cticas nocivas.\u201d<\/p>\n

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Lo que sigue<\/h2>\n

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La aprobaci\u00f3n de la ley es solo el primer paso; erradicar el matrimonio infantil requiere mucho m\u00e1s que legislaci\u00f3n. La implementaci\u00f3n efectiva ser\u00e1 crucial y deber\u00e1 ir m\u00e1s all\u00e1 de la prohibici\u00f3n total, abordando las causas estructurales de los matrimonios y uniones infantiles, tempranas y forzadas. El verdadero impacto de la reforma depender\u00e1 de un compromiso sostenido con su aplicaci\u00f3n y de un enfoque interseccional. Ahora corresponde al Poder Ejecutivo promulgar la ley y demostrar que la protecci\u00f3n de los derechos de ni\u00f1as y adolescentes es una prioridad. <\/p>\n

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Equality Now continuar\u00e1 trabajando con sus aliadas en Bolivia para acompa\u00f1ar la implementaci\u00f3n de la ley y asegurar que este avance legal se traduzca en cambios reales en la vida de las ni\u00f1as y adolescentes. Tambi\u00e9n seguiremos apoyando los esfuerzos en Am\u00e9rica Latina y el Caribe para erradicar estas pr\u00e1cticas nocivas y garantizar que los Estados cumplan con sus compromisos internacionales. <\/strong><\/p>\n

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