15th يوليو 2025

Proposed select draft articles on nationality rights to ensure gender equality

Discriminatory nationality laws continue to harm women and their families in over 45 countries around the world. Equality Now’s newly launched “Proposed Select Draft Articles on Nationality Rights to Ensure Gender Equality” is a legal blueprint to help governments reform unjust laws and deliver on gender equality, Sustainable Development Goal 5 (SDG5), and human rights for all.

Why now?
Despite decades of progress, more than 45 countries still have laws that deny women the same rights as men to pass on their nationality to their children. These laws often lead to family separation, statelessness, lack of access to education, healthcare, and employment. As global reviews of SDG 5 and the Beijing Platform for Action take center stage at the UN High Level Political Forum (HLPF) and the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) in September 2025, this publication provides a timely and practical tool for reform.

What’s inside the report?

Our new Proposed Select Draft Articles provide a clear, concise, and rights-based legal framework that any country can adopt or adapt to:

  • Guarantee women equal rights with men to confer, retain, change, or acquire nationality for themselves, their children and their spouses.
  • Close legal loopholes that leave women stateless, vulnerable, or discriminated against.
  • Align national laws with international legal obligations under CEDAW, the ICCPR, and other treaties.

Who’s it for?

This is a resource for:

  • Lawmakers and policymakers aiming to meet their international legal commitments under treaties, the SDGs, the Beijing Platform for Action and the Pact for the Future.
  • UN treaty bodies and legal advocates pushing for compliance with international human rights standards.
  • Civil society groups and legal practitioners campaigning for nationality law reform.

Key recommendations

  • States must enshrine gender equality in nationality laws, ensuring no discrimination on the basis of sex or or other personal characteristics.
  • National legal frameworks should explicitly uphold children’s right to nationality.
  • Law reform processes must center the lived experiences of affected women, children, and stateless communities.

Explore more resources

1

The state we’re in: Ending sexism in nationality laws, 2022 edition – Update for a disrupted world

Despite some reforms, 47 countries still have sex-discriminatory nationality laws that limit women’s rights and participation, though recent updates in Benin, Liberia, and Iran show steps toward equality.

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