15th Октябрь 2026

Strengthening access to justice for survivors of sexual violence in Paraguay

Developed by Equality Now and  Base Educativa y Comunitaria de Apoyo (BECA), this factsheet examines the legal and institutional barriers that continue to limit access to justice for survivors of sexual violence in Paraguay. It examines Paraguay’s laws and institutional responses to sexual violence against international human rights standards, including those established in the Angulo Losada v. Bolivia judgment. It identifies barriers to justice and recommends reforms to strengthen investigations, protection and specialised care, including consent-based sexual violence laws.

What’s inside the factsheet?

  • An overview of sexual violence in Paraguay and the barriers survivors face in accessing justice.
  • An assessment of compliance with international standards across four areas: heightened due diligence, specialised care, legal reform and prevention of institutional violence.
  • Recommendations to strengthen the state response through a human rights-based, gender-sensitive and intersectional approach.

Who’s it for?

  • National institutional actors
  • Legislators
  • Justice system professionals
  • Authorities responsible for implementing laws, policies, protocols, and referral pathways.

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Key recommendations

  • Strengthen investigations into cases of sexual violence through timely proceedings, effective evidence collection and coordination between prosecutors, health services and judicial institutions, without placing the burden of advancing cases on survivors.
  • Ensure effective protection through individual and regularly reassessed risk evaluations, timely protection measures and consistent follow-up, with particular attention to girls and adolescents.
  • Expand access to comprehensive, free and specialised care across the country, including rural and Indigenous communities, addressing geographical, linguistic, cultural and accessibility barriers.
  • Guarantee round-the-clock care for sexual violence survivors, including prophylaxis, emergency contraception and sustained, specialised psychological support.
  • Align the Criminal Code with international human rights standards by adopting consent-based definitions of sexual offences, repealing the offence of estupro and removing discriminatory provisions concerning same-sex sexual acts.
  • Withdraw the bill amending and expanding Article 289 of the Criminal Code on false reporting (Bill D-2482677), and avoid reforms that could discourage reporting or reinforce stereotypes that undermine survivors’ credibility.
  • Provide continuous, specialised training for justice professionals, police, forensic personnel and health workers on consent, evidence assessment and the prevention of secondary victimisation.
  • Strengthen coordination, monitoring and accountability through interoperable case-tracking systems and accessible mechanisms to report and investigate institutional violence, with disaggregated data and privacy safeguards.

Explore more resources

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Strengthening access to justice for survivors of sexual violence in Uruguay

This factsheet identifies the main legal and institutional gaps affecting access to justice for survivors of sexual violence in Uruguay and sets out concrete recommendations for reform.

International standards applicable in cases of sexual violence

This document brings together key international and Inter-American human rights standards that require States to prevent, investigate and respond to sexual violence using survivor-centred and consent-based approaches.

Five myths and facts about sexual violence

This practical guide debunks common myths about sexual violence and explains how international human rights standards can strengthen survivor-centred laws and justice systems.

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