9th septiembre 2026

Paraguay: CEDAW submission on sexual violence and harmful practices against women and girls

Equality Now, together with CDIA, BECA, Fundación Vencer, Global Infancia, Somos Pytyvõhara, Calle Escuela, Luna Nueva and CONAMURI, submitted a thematic shadow report to the CEDAW Committee ahead of Paraguay’s 2026 review. The report examines persistent sexual violence, barriers to justice and healthcare, regressive legal and policy trends, child marriage and early unions, child pregnancy and ‘criadazgo’. It calls for consent-based sexual offence laws, survivor-centred services, stronger prevention and the elimination of legal and institutional barriers that leave women, girls and adolescents without effective protection.

What’s included in the submission?

  • An analysis of the scale and persistence of sexual violence in Paraguay and gaps in prevention, institutional responses, access to justice, specialised training, healthcare and post-rape care. The report highlights revictimisation, inadequate coordination between institutions and unequal access for women, girls and adolescents facing intersecting barriers.
  • A review of Paraguay’s legal and policy framework, including regressive initiatives that weaken the gender perspective, gaps in the criminal definition of sexual violence, child marriage and early unions, child pregnancy linked to sexual violence, and criadazgo and child domestic labour.

Who’s this submission for?

  • UN Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW Committee)
  • Law and policymakers
  • Legal professionals
  • Government institutions

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Key recommendations

  • Reform Paraguay’s sexual violence laws. Amend Articles 128, 136, 137 and 138 of the Criminal Code so that sexual offences are defined around the absence of consent, rather than force or threat, in line with international human rights standards.
  • Strengthen prevention, protection and survivor-centred services. Replace regressive sexuality education policies with comprehensive, secular, scientific and human rights-based education; create interoperable case tracking; implement enhanced due diligence and comprehensive redress; and ensure free, specialised, 24-hour post-sexual violence healthcare and psychological support throughout the country.
  • Address harmful practices and regressive legal trends. Prohibit marriage before 18 without exception, develop responses to early unions and criadazgo, withdraw the bill increasing penalties for false reporting, and avoid reforms that discourage reporting, reinforce stereotypes or weaken access to justice for women and girls.

Explore more resources

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Legislating on sexual violence with a consent-based approach in Latin America and the Caribbean

This guide highlights the need to align legal definitions of sexual violence with international standards by centering on the lack of voluntary and free consent.

Failure to protect: How discriminatory sexual violence laws and practices are hurting women, girls and adolescents in the Americas

Equality Now’s analysis reveals that loopholes, protection gaps, and systemic barriers in sexual violence laws and justice systems across multiple jurisdictions effectively deny survivors access to justice.

Five myths and facts about sexual violence

This practical guide debunks common myths about sexual violence and explains how international human rights standards can strengthen survivor-centred laws and justice systems.

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